After receiving a threatening letter from the governor of Baghdad, a ruler of this dynasty sent the decapitated head of Soltan Hoseyn in response. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this dynasty that was founded by Mirwais the Grandfather, who ousted the Shi’a forces of the Safavid empire. Ahmad Shah Durrani and his brother Zulfiqar were imprisoned by the last ruler of this short-lived 18th century dynasty.
ANSWER: Hotak dynasty
[10e] The Hotak dynasty was located in the Greater Kandahar region of what is now this modern day country, from which British and East India Company forces undertook a disastrous retreat in 1842.
ANSWER: Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan [also accept Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat or Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afghānistān]
[10m] The Hotak dynasty was founded by members of the Ghiljī tribe of this ethnic group, who live primarily in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The folk heroine Malalai of Maiwand was a member of this ethnic group, whose name means “Afghan”.
ANSWER: Pashtuns [accept Paṭhān]