In his commentary to the Four Books, Zhū Xī (“DJOO-SHEE”) claimed that without humans this concept does not exist, and without this concept humans do not exist. For 10 points each:
[10e] A Chinese religion legendarily founded by Lǎozǐ (“lao-dzuh”) is named after what concept, often translated as “the Way”?
ANSWER: dào [or t’ao; accept Daoism or Taoism; prompt on English synonyms like the course or the path]
[10h] Along with studying the Way, Sòng dynasty intellectuals like Zhū Xī emphasised the study of this other concept, which Zhū Xī saw as inseparable from qì (“chee”). This Chinese term is translated as either principle or reason.
ANSWER: lǐ (“lee”) [accept lǐxué]
[10m] When describing times that one should suspend social norms, Zhū Xī cited the example of saving a sister-in-law from this fate. It’s not starving, but Peter Singer’s essay “Famine, Affluence, and Morality” introduced an analogy about the moral obligation to save a child from meeting this fate.
ANSWER: drowning [or obvious equivalents; prompt on death or dying, asking “in what way?”]