Question
An early theory suggested that one of these events from Geminga was responsible for the low-density of the Local Bubble. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name these events which can be dated by the presence of Mn-53 (“manganese 53”), Fe-60 (“iron 60”), or Pu-244 (“plutonium 244”) in deep sea rock. Adrian Mellot proposed that the Late Ordivician extinction was caused by one of these events damaging the earth’s atmosphere.
ANSWER: supernova [accept hypernova; accept gamma ray burst or GRB; prompt on black-hole or neutron star or white-dwarf mergers]
[10e] Near Earth supernovae and gamma ray bursts could conceivably cause extinctions by damaging the “layer” of this triatomic allotrope of oxygen in the upper atmosphere.
ANSWER: ozone [prompt on O3]
[10h] The nearest candidate for a potentially future Near Earth Supernova is located in this constellation which contains the Einstein Cross, a lensed quasar. This constellation contains the first known exoplanet to orbit a Sun-like star.
ANSWER: Pegasus [accept IK Pegasi B and 51 Pegasi B]
<KT, Other Science: Earth Science>
Summary
| 2023 ARCADIA at UC Berkeley | Premiere | Y | 2 | 20.00 | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Carleton University | Premiere | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 100% | 33% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Claremont Colleges | Premiere | Y | 1 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Imperial | Imperial | Y | 5 | 12.00 | 100% | 20% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Indiana | Premiere | Y | 5 | 16.00 | 100% | 40% | 20% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at RIT | Premiere | Y | 2 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at WUSTL | Premiere | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 100% | 0% | 33% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Duke | Emory, Duke, Yale | N | 4 | 12.50 | 100% | 0% | 25% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Emory | Emory, Duke, Yale | N | 4 | 17.50 | 100% | 50% | 25% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Maryland | Maryland, Online | N | 3 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Ohio State | Ohio State, Texas | N | 3 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA Online | Maryland, Online | N | 3 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Texas | Ohio State, Texas | N | 3 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
Data
| Berkeley A | Berkeley C | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Berkeley B | Stanford A | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Ottawa A | McDouble West-Carleton | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Toronto Ray of Sun in the Sky | Ottawa C | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Ottawa B | Waterloo | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| SGV Capital | I will play anything with a buzzer in front of me | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Cambridge B | Bristol | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Warwick | Durham | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Edinburgh | Imperial B | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Imperial A | Cambridge A | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Oxford | Birmingham | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Purdue A | Chicago B | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Notre Dame A | Illinois B | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Illinois A | Notre Dame B | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 |
| Chicago A | Purdue B | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Vanderbilt | Indiana | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Cornell MATLAB | RIT | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Syracuse+Rochester | Cornell R | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Squidward Community College | Missouri A | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| WUSTL H2O | SIUE | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| WUSTL XYZ | Missouri B | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |