In The Right and the Good, W. D. Ross argues for an ethics based on these self-evident things, which are used in both mathematics and ethics to teach us all that we know about numbers and duty. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these things. Theories that ground ethics in these things dominated Britain from the early 18th to the late 20th century, and their use was later defended by thinkers like Henry Sidgwick and G. E. Moore.
ANSWER: moral intuitions [accept intuitionism]
[10m] The variety of responses to this thinker’s trolley problem has often been used as an argument against moral intuitionism, since it shows that people have conflicting intuitions.
ANSWER: Philippa Foot
[10e] Foot’s trolley problem originally served as an argument against this consequentialist ethical system developed by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.
ANSWER: utilitarianism [accept word forms such as utilitarian]
<MB, Philosophy>