Communist party leader Manuel Figueroa won a landmark court case in this country that smoothed the pathway for small electoral parties to stand in federal elections. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this country that Soviet Embassy clerk Igor Gouzenko defected to in 1945, three days after the end of World War II.
ANSWER: Canada [accept Figueroa v Canada (AG)]
[10e] The Gouzenko defection is sometimes considered the first action of this period of geopolitical posturing between the Western and Eastern Blocs characterized by a nuclear arms race.
ANSWER: Cold War
[10m] Upon defecting, Gouzenko offered proof of a Soviet spy ring in Canada that prompted the government to deploy an inquiry empowered by this statute, which was invoked again a couple decades later by Pierre Trudeau during the October Crisis.
ANSWER: War Measures Act