Points that lie above a horizontal threshold on one of these plots typically have a minor allele frequency of at least 5 percent. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these plots that display chromosomal coordinates on the x-axis and the negative log of the P-value on the y-axis.
ANSWER: Manhattan plots
[10e] Manhattan plots are used in a type of study looking for associations across this construct. This term refers to the entire set of genetic material in an organism, which was completely mapped for Homo sapiens by a global sequencing project completed in 2003.
ANSWER: genome [accept Human Genome Project; accept genome-wide association study; prompt on GWAS]
[10m] Each dot on a Manhattan plot represents one of these substitutions, which are changes in a single position of DNA that are present in at least 1 percent of the population.
ANSWER: SNPs (“snips”) [or single nucleotide polymorphisms; prompt on variants or single nucleotide variants or SNVs or polymorphisms or alleles; reject “mutations”]
<Biology>