This philosopher’s description of the Moon wandering around the Earth with “borrowed light” is the earliest known Greek expression of the idea that the Moon reflects the Sun’s light. The Diels–Kranz reading of a key sentence by this philosopher is the basis for G. E. L. Owen’s translation of it as “What can be spoken and thought of must exist, for it [emphasize] can exist, whereas nothing cannot.” Guthrie interpreted this philosopher as a strict monist who attacked the Milesian (“my-LESION”) idea that “the world had not always existed in its present cosmic state.” This philosopher described a chariot ride to the home of an unnamed goddess in the proem to a fragmentary poem that uses the words aletheia (“ah-leh-TAY-ah”) and doxa (“DOCK-suh”) to refer to the “Way of Truth” and the “Way of Opinion.” For 10 points, name this founder of the Eleatic School, who appears with Zeno in his namesake Socratic dialogue. ■END■
ANSWER: Parmenides (“par-MEN-uh-deez”) of Elea [accept the Parmenides]
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