When monitoring the pH of this organ, a Demeester score of 14.72 or higher indicates acid reflux disease, which may cause a premalignant condition in it named for surgeon Norman Barrett. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this organ that can be damaged by upward movement of stomach acid while passing food from the pharynx to the stomach.
ANSWER: esophagus
[10m] Proton pump inhibitors are often used to treat acid reflux, and have largely replaced medications targeting this compound’s H2 receptors. Enterochromaffin-like cells release this compound to stimulate stomach acid production.
ANSWER: histamine
[10h] PPIs can also be used to treat this condition in which tumors that secrete gastrin cause excess stomach acid to be produced from parietal cells, creating peptic ulcers.
ANSWER: Zollinger–Ellison syndrome [or Z-E syndrome]
<MS, Biology>