Pierre-Gilles de Gennes’s (“pee-air ZHEEL duh zhen’s”) 1991 Nobel Prize-winning work studied order phenomena in materials described by this adjective. For 10 points each:
[10m] Give this adjective that describes entropy-dominated materials that readily deform, such as polymers and gels. Low-energy ionization in mass spectrometry, such as electrospray, is described by this adjective.
ANSWER: soft [accept soft ionization or soft matter or soft condensed matter]
[10e] Soft matter includes these materials, with which de Genne worked. These materials consist of parallel-aligned rods and are used in namesake electronic displays.
ANSWER: liquid crystals [or LC; accept liquid crystal displays or LCDs]
[10h] A hallmark property of some soft matter is the ability to undergo this process, which underlies “4D printing” and can be “template-guided.” Gold nanoparticles undergo this process due to the formation of metallophilic bonds.
ANSWER: self-assembly [accept self-organization; or word forms like self-assembled]
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