Description acceptable. After he demonstrated this practice for her, Dowager Empress Maria of Russia gave the foundling Anton Petrov a new name referencing it. Biographer John Baron may have originated a myth about Sarah Nelmes’s role in the origin of this practice. To promote this practice in Vienna, Maria Theresa hosted 65 commoners for a royal banquet at the Schönbrunn palace. Caroline of Ansbach helped popularize this practice after being shown it by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, who introduced it to Europe after witnessing it in the Ottoman Empire. Catherine the Great gave Thomas Dimsdale a title for performing this practice on her by grating pustules into an open wound. For 10 points, the development of what medical practice in 18th-century Europe is often credited to Edward Jenner? ■END■
ANSWER: smallpox inoculation [accept equivalents like smallpox vaccination or smallpox variolation; prompt on inoculation, vaccination, or variolation by asking “against what disease?”; reject answers like “treatment of smallpox”] (Sarah Nelmes is the milkmaid Jenner is supposed to have seen without any smallpox lesions. Anton Petrov was renamed Anton Vaccinoff – and given a house and an income – after he received the vaccine to demonstrate its safety.)
<Editors, European History>
= Average correct buzz position