Answer the following about the mitochondria beyond its role as the powerhouse of the cell, for 10 points each.
[10m] Mitochondria can sequester and regulate the concentration of this element, a secondary messenger. The endoplasmic reticulum is the primary cellular storage for this element that is bound by EF hand motifs.
ANSWER: calcium [or Ca]
[10e] Mitofusin proteins embedded in the outer mitochondrial membrane hydrolyze a molecule that contains this nucleotide for energy. This nucleotide pairs with cytosine in Watson–Crick base pairing.
ANSWER: guanine [or G; accept GTP]
[10h] Mitochondria use the Shemin pathway to synthesize these heterocyclic molecules that contain four pyrrole units. These molecules include heme, and partial saturation of them yields precursors to chlorophyll.
ANSWER: porphyrins [accept porphine]
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