Misleading causation in data about these phenomena in Latvia inspired a Simon Wren-Lewis thought experiment concerning half of the economy. These phenomena are the subject of the plucking model, which opposes the natural rate view of them. (-5[1])A theory about these phenomena popularized a tool that removes a component of a time series called an HP filter. Technology drives the longest of these phenomena called Kondratiev waves, according to a typology of them by Joseph Schumpeter. General equilibrium analysis was applied to these phenomena by Kydland and Prescott, who suggested they are not a result (10[1])of nominal, supply-side shocks in their “real” theory of them. For 10 points, name these phenomena in macroeconomics that consist of periodic booms and recessions. ■END■ (10[1])