This physicist showed the viscosity of a dilute colloidal solution is proportional to “one plus five over two phi,” where phi is the volume fraction. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this physicist who gave the first rigorous model of Brownian motion in one of his 1905 annus mirabilis papers.
ANSWER: Albert Einstein [accept Einstein’s viscosity equation]
[10h] In Einstein’s model, this quantity of an ensemble of particles undergoing Brownian motion is proportional to the product of time and diffusion coefficient. This quantity non-linearly scales with time in anomalous diffusion.
ANSWER: mean-squared displacement [or MSD; or mean square displacement; prompt on mean squared deviation; reject partial answers]
[10m] Like any other instance of this phenomenon, the mean displacement of Brownian motion is zero. These phenomena are the random deviation of a quantity from its thermal average.
ANSWER: thermal fluctuations [or word forms like fluctuate; accept fluctuation–dissipation theorem]
<Oxford A, Physics>