This man’s assassination by a bomb in September 1982, ten days after winning an uncontested presidential election, led to an Israeli reoccupation of western Beirut. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this leader of the Phalangist Party, who united the Maronite militias of Lebanon. His party emerged victorious from the 1982 Lebanon War with Israeli support and the expulsion of the PLO.
ANSWER: Bachir Gemayel (“ba-SHEER jih-MAY-ill”) [or Bachir Pierre Gemayel]
[10e] This Iran-allied Shia paramilitary formed in response to the 1982 Israeli invasion. Its longtime leader, Hassan Nasrallah, was assassinated in 2024 by an Israeli airstrike, soon after Israeli agents planted explosives in its pagers.
ANSWER: Hezbollah [or Hizbullah or Hizballah]
[10m] After Gemayel’s assassination, the IDF gave Phalangist militias access to a refugee camp and a Shia neighborhood in Beirut, resulting in this massacre that forced Ariel Sharon (“sha-ROHN”) to resign as defense minister.
ANSWER: Sabra and Shatila Massacre
<WUSTL A, World History>