The Marajoara (“mah-rah-ZHO-ah-rah”) culture of Marajó (“mah-rah-ZHO”) Island likely produced this material by midden formation. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this type of soil found in the Amazon, whose black color comes from high charcoal content.
ANSWER: terra preta [or terra preta de Índio; accept Amazonian dark earth or black earth]
[10h] This archaeologist argued that low agricultural productivity drove Marajó (“mah-rah-ZHO”) to decline in her theory of environmental limitations. With her husband Clifford Evans, she argued for a trans-Pacific origin of Valdivia pottery.
ANSWER: Betty Meggers [or Betty Jane Meggers]
[10e] The Marajoara (“mah-rah-ZHO-ah-rah”) people principally lived on examples of these structures built due to seasonal flooding. A group of Native American cultures named for building these structures founded Cahokia.
ANSWER: mounds [accept mound builders]
<Benjamin McAvoy-Bickford, Other History>