The metals found in Fischer-type and Schrock-type carbenes have low and high values for this quantity respectively. The 18-electron rule is applicable for low values of this quantity for metals in organometallic complexes. For a given pH, this quantity is found on the x-axis of Frost–Ebsworth diagrams. Relativistic effects affecting the 6s orbital allows gold to assume a negative value of this quantity. Due to the inert-pair effect, larger Group 14 elements tend to reduce the value of this quantity by 2. Fluorine is the only (10[1])halogen to exclusively have a value of negative one (10[1])for this quantity. (-5[2])For 10 points, name this quantity that gives the number of electrons lost from an atom during bonding. ■END■ (0[3])