One type of these sequences called P elements causes hybrid dysgenesis, which results in a sterile phenotype. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name these sequences whose Class I (“one”) type is exemplified by Alu elements. These sequences are “autonomous” if they can move independently.
ANSWER: transposons [or transposable elements or TEs or jumping genes; accept retrotransposons or Class I transposons; accept autonomous transposons]
[10m] Margaret Kidwell described P elements while studying this model insect. Red-eyed wild types and white-eyed mutants of this insect were bred by Thomas Hunt Morgan.
ANSWER: Drosophila [or fruit fly or fruit flies; accept Drosophila melanogaster; prompt on melanogaster; prompt on fly or flies; prompt on Diptera or dipterans]
[10e] Fruit flies are a popular model organism due to their small genome, which consists of four pairs of these structures. Humans typically have 23 pairs of these structures, whose X and Y variants determine sex.
ANSWER: chromosomes [accept sex chromosomes or X chromosomes or Y chromosomes]
<Chicago B, Biology>