mucus - Southern California

Question

Infection by Helicobacter pylori can lower the pH of this substance, leading to the formation of gastric ulcers. For 10 points each:

[10m] Name this alkaline substance secreted by foveolar cells in the stomach. This slippery substance lines the stomach and protects it from its own acid.

ANSWER: mucus [accept alkaline mucus; accept mucous membrane; accept gastric mucosa]

[10h] The maintenance of mucous membranes is supported by niacin and this fat-soluble vitamin. The “all-trans” form of a metabolite of this vitamin activates the protein rhodopsin.

ANSWER: vitamin A [accept vitamin A1 or all-trans-retinol; accept all-trans-retinal; accept all-trans-retinoic acid]

[10e] Accumulation of thick mucus in the lungs can result from the impaired secretion of this element’s anion in cystic fibrosis patients. This element and sodium form table salt.

ANSWER: chlorine [or Cl; accept chloride or Cl-]

<Editors, Biology>

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Summary


Southern California	Main	Y	7	17.14	100%	43%	29%
Eastern Canada (2)	Main	Y	9	16.67	100%	33%	33%
Great Lakes	Main	Y	12	21.67	100%	67%	50%
Lower Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	6	18.33	100%	50%	33%
Upper Mid-Atlantic	Main	Y	12	20.83	100%	67%	42%
Midwest	Main	Y	9	18.89	100%	56%	33%
Northeast	Main	Y	12	15.00	100%	25%	25%
Pacific	Main	Y	9	16.67	100%	44%	22%
Southeast	Main	Y	12	19.17	100%	58%	33%
UK (North)	UK	Y	5	18.00	100%	20%	60%
UK (South)	UK	Y	8	16.25	100%	63%	0%
Upstate NY	Main	Y	5	20.00	100%	100%	0%

Data


UCSD A	Claremont B	10	10	10	30
Claremont A	UC Santa Barbara	10	0	10	20
UCLA F	UCLA A	0	0	10	10
UCLA C	UCLA D	10	10	10	30
UCLA E	Claremont C	0	0	10	10
UCLA B	UCSD B	0	0	10	10
USC A	UC Irvine	0	0	10	10