Pietro Parisi was dispatched to Malta during one of these events and later published his observations during it. The nobleman Aloysius Gonzaga was canonized for aiding victims of one of these events. A writer using the pseudonym Marchionne di Coppo Stefani wrote a chronicle of one of these events in Florence. The Republic of Ragusa established facilities known as lazarettos for (*) visitors during one of these events. One of these events gave rise to confraternities that performed flagellation as a form of penance. One of these events may have started in Messina after Genoese ships landed there from Caffa. A Venetian directive imposing 40-day isolation period during one of these events gave rise to the word “quarantine.” For 10 points, name these epidemics caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis. ■END■
ANSWER: plagues [accept outbreaks or epidemics of bubonic plague; accept the Black Death; prompt on outbreaks or epidemics with “of what disease?”]
<Gov Prabhakar, European History>
= Average correct buzz position