This campaign was largely launched after the failed Project 571. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this Maoist campaign that was masterminded by the Gang of Four to criticize ancient Chinese ways of thinking. It eventually turned into a propaganda campaign against the rising Zhou Enlai and Hua Guofend.
ANSWER: Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius [or pī lín pī kǒng yùndòng, or Anti-Lin Biao, Anti-Confucius campaign]
[10m] One of the architects of the Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius campaign was this wife of Mao Zedong. Partly due to her involvement in the campaign Hua had her arrested.
ANSWER: Jiang Qing [accept Lan Ping; prompt on Madame Mao]
[10e] Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius was part of this period of Chinese history during the 1970s. This period, which saw the formation of many Red Guards, saw widespread violence in an attempt to root out capitalist elements from Chinese society.
ANSWER: Cultural Revolution [or Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution; or Wénhuà dàgémìng]
<AD, World History>