In the presence of a peroxide, hydro·halogenation reactions undergo a mechanism featuring these species. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name these chemical species produced during homolytic bond cleavage. AIBN is used as a namesake “initiator” in reactions named for these species, which are characterized by possessing an unpaired electron.
ANSWER: free radicals
[10m] Radical mechanisms use arrows of this type to indicate the movement of single electrons. A description is acceptable.
ANSWER: fish-hook arrows [accept descriptions indicating a single-headed or single-barbed arrow; prompt on curved arrows]
[10h] Free radicals are often quenched by this general type of substance. Tocopherol and the hydroxyl radical are common examples of these substances, which deactivate reactive species to prevent undesirable reactions.
ANSWER: scavengers
<DN, Chemistry>