A nearly perfect blue pigment containing this element, indium, and manganese was discovered at Oregon State in 2009. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this metal that forms the central atom in the unit cells of a lattice consisting of a layered perovskite with a defect. This is the first element in the name of that crystal, which displays high-temperature superconductivity.
ANSWER: yttrium [accept Y; accept yttrium barium copper oxide or YBCO; accept YInMn Blue]
[10m] YInMn Blue’s unusual vibrancy comes from its manganese ions absorbing red and green by forming coordination complexes of this geometry. Axial and equatorial ligands can be exchanged in compounds with this geometry like phosphorus pentafluoride via Berry pseudorotation.
ANSWER: trigonal bipyramidal
[10e] The non-toxicity of YInMn Blue makes it preferable to the possibly carcinogenic blue pigment made with this metal. Iron, nickel, and this transition metal are the most common ferromagnetic elements.
ANSWER: cobalt [accept Co; accept cobalt blue]
<SM, Chemistry>