Original language term required. In modern slang, this concept’s name has been co-opted to refer to sycophantic BJP loyalists. Appar, Sambandar, and Sundarar’s works espousing this concept form the Tevaram, which opens the Thirumurai, a collection of Nayanar works. Vajrayana and Jain traditions draw on a form of this concept that centers an individual’s guru. One poem attributed to a saint who epitomizes this concept claims that the speaker (15[1])has attained the treasure of (*) God’s name and was popularized by Lata Mangeshkar. That Rajasthani poet associated with this concept legendarily merged into an idol and disappeared. Listening to scripture and singing are the first two of nine ways to perform this concept. This concept names the third type of yoga after karma and jñana. For 10 points, the poet-saint Mirabai (-5[1])championed what concept of intense devotion to a personal deity? ■END■