Question

After returning to this city from Paris, Rifa’a al-Tahtawi founded a university here and translated thousands of scientific and historic treatises into Arabic. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this city, the center of a cultural and scientific renaissance termed the nahda. The Islamic jurist and scholar Muhammad ‘Abduh studied in this city’s Al-Azhar University.
ANSWER: Cairo
[10e] The nahda coincided with this series of modernizing reforms, which, among other things, promised equal protection for Muslims, Jews, and Christians in the Ottoman Empire.
ANSWER: Tanzimat
[10h] Butrus al-Bustani’s anti-sectarian pamphlet Nafir Suriyya was published in the wake of fighting in this region, governed by Bashir Shihab II. Afterwards, the Ottomans established an autonomous mutasarrifate here.
ANSWER: Mount Lebanon [prompt on Lebanon]
<Parameswaran, World History>

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