Question
Specific term required. John Paul Lederach created a pyramidal approach to this action that calls for steps from top, middle-range, and grassroots leadership. For 10 points each:
[10h] Give this action whose name was coined by Johan Galtung. In 2011, the Nobel Committee cited Sirleaf, Gbowee, and Karman's advocacy for women to participate in this action, which unlike similar counterparts can begin before conflict arises.
ANSWER: peacebuilding [or Building Peace; reject "peacekeeping" or "peacemaking"]
[10e] Lederach's book Building Peace is partly subtitled for this concept, which often follows "truth" in the titles of post-conflict commissions seeking to restore justice.
ANSWER: reconciliation [accept truth and reconciliation commision]
[10m] Galtung used these two adjectives to describe peace in the absence of either direct or indirect violence. These adjectives describe Isaiah Berlin's Two Concepts of Liberty.
ANSWER: positive AND negative
<Zhang, Social Science>
Summary
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