Question
This phenomenon is often quantified by the full width at half maximum of a namesake disk defined by the point spread function. For 10 points each:
[10m] Give this specific term which refers to the various effects in which atmospheric turbulence distorts oncoming wavefronts. Adaptive optics is used to correct for it.
ANSWER: astronomical seeing [accept seeing disk]
[10h] Adaptive optics involves using one of these objects as a reference of wavefronts that are then detected by a Shack-Hartmann sensor. These objects are artificially generated by exciting mesospheric sodium using a 589 nanometer laser.
ANSWER: guide stars [accept natural guide stars; or laser guide stars; accept NGS or LGS]
[10e] Astronomical seeing in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere causes this specific visual effect, in which the brightness or color of a star appears to fluctuate.
ANSWER: twinkling [or scintillation; accept word forms of either answer]
<Chen, Other Science>
Summary
| 2024 ESPN @ Brown | 04/06/2024 | Y | 3 | 3.33 | 33% | 0% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Cambridge | 04/06/2024 | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 100% | 50% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Chicago | 03/23/2024 | Y | 5 | 8.00 | 80% | 0% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Columbia | 03/23/2024 | Y | 7 | 8.57 | 71% | 14% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Duke | 03/23/2024 | Y | 2 | 10.00 | 50% | 50% | 0% |
| 2024 ESPN @ Online | 06/01/2024 | Y | 4 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |