One colonial governor from this empire ordered a massacre after believing a lamp crashing onto a mosque floor was a signal for revolt. This empire’s soldiers started the practice of taking native women known as nyai as concubines. A city established by this empire was successfully defended against a siege carried out by Sultan Agung. To artificially limit the supply of one good, this empire enforced the policy of (*) extirpatie (“ex-teer-PAHT-see”). Agents of this empire waterboarded English traders before killing them in the Amboyna Massacre. Locals who were not killed during this empire’s brutal conquest of the Banda Islands were enslaved and taken to its colonial capital. That city, Batavia, was founded by Jan Pieterszoon Coen. For 10 points, the VOC directed the 17th-century colonial exploits of what empire in present-day Indonesia? ■END■
ANSWER: the Netherlands [or Dutch Empire]
<Parameswaran, European History>
= Average correct buzz position