Ancient Greek term required. An essay titled for this term ends with the image of a philosopher shouting to wake a sleeper while himself falling asleep and analyzes Heraclitus’s drive for truth. This word precedes “mathei” in an aphorism from the Oresteia that translates to: this term “teaches.” The Stoics used this term to denote a set of four afflictions including epithumia and lupē. Nietzsche used this term in Beyond Good and Evil in a phrase that denotes the noble’s ability to create values via “distance.” A term referring to the absence of this concept was sought instead of (*) ataraxia by the Stoics. This Greek word is the origin of a term that refers to over-personification of nature, such as calling a storm “angry,” which John Ruskin labeled a fallacy. This is the alphabetically last of three “modes of persuasion” discussed in the Rhetoric. For 10 points, Aristotle contrasted ethos and logos with what appeal to emotion? ■END■
ANSWER: pathos [accept pathos mathei or pathei mathos; accept pathê; accept apatheia; accept pathos of distance; prompt on pathetic fallacy] (The essay in the first sentence is Nietzsche’s “On the Pathos of Truth.”)
<Morrison, Philosophy>
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