Description acceptable. A proposal for demonstrating this result involves inputting n photons into an m-mode random interferometer then sampling from its output distribution. Many experimental procedures for demonstrating this result calculate the cross-entropy benchmarking fidelity. Demonstrating this result, which is equivalent to showing that BQP is not contained in BPP, would collapse the polynomial hierarchy. John Preskill’s original term for this result conveyed the (*) superpolynomial improvement it requires, but has been critiqued as colonialist. Google claimed to have demonstrated this result with its Sycamore processor, which performed a task in 200 seconds that would have taken 10,000 years for IBM's Summit to achieve. For 10 points, give the term for this result concerning the relative computational speed of systems of qubits versus ordinary bits. ■END■
ANSWER: quantum advantage [or quantum supremacy; or quantum primacy; accept descriptions like "there exists tasks for which quantum computers are exponentially faster or better at than classical computers"; accept BQP is not equal to or not contained in BPP before "BQP"; prompt on answers referring to the polynomial hierarchy or PH collapsing]
<Chen, Physics>
= Average correct buzz position