Question
Tumor cells express CD47, a ligand for SIRP-alpha that acts as the opposite of this type of signal. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this type of cellular signal exemplified by oxidized phospholipids and calreticulin. The canonical example of one of these signals binds to TIM-4 in a "tethering" step before being "bridged" by a soluble protein in a step called "tickling."
ANSWER: "eat-me" signals [prompt on "find-me" signals with "which work in conjunction with what other signals?"; prompt on, but do not reveal answers referring to signals that mediate phagocytosis or autophagy or apoptosis] (CD47 acts as a "don't eat me" signal)
[10e] Apoptotic cells express "eat-me" signals like phosphatidylserine to trigger this process in which macrophages engulf them.
ANSWER: phagocytosis [accept autophagy or autophagocytosis; prompt on endocytosis]
[10m] The most phagocytotically active tissue in the human body is a single cell thick layer of tissue in this structure called its pigmented epithelium. This structure’s pigmented epithelium is responsible for phagocytizing outer segments.
ANSWER: the retina [accept retinal pigmented epithelium; accept retinal pigment epithelium; prompt on eye]
<Chen, Biology>
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