A book that divides a form of this phenomenon into “liberal” and “illiberal” types according to whether it emphasizes “ethnos” or “humanity” examines how Raphael Lemkin made use of the “language of transgression.” The “critical study” of this phenomenon is expounded by the Aberystwyth (“ab-er-IST-with”) School, whose key figure, Ken Booth, describes this phenomenon in terms of “emancipatory realism.” In The Problems of Genocide, Dirk Moses posited a (*) “permanent” form of this phenomenon pursued by paranoid states. The spiral model is alternately (-5[1])named for this phenomenon, since it involves states pursuing it and thereby influencing other states to do the same. A Stephen Walt paper on “The Renaissance” of the study of this phenomenon defines the field as “the study of the threat, use, and control of military force.” For 10 points, give this concept that names a UN body with five permanent members. ■END■ (10[1])