A ruler of this kingdom ordered all arrowheads fired towards his troops to be collected during a siege of Amsaka. This kingdom’s Duguwa dynasty came to power after subsuming the cities of the Sao civilization. (15[1])A ruler of this kingdom legendarily opened a leather-bound mystical item called the mune, which Ibn Furtu equated to the Ark of the Covenant; that ruler was Dunama Dabbalemi. The rulers of Katsina were forced to send one hundred slaves to this kingdom’s capital at (*) Ngazargamu, whose ruins were visited by Heinrich Barth (10[1])in the 1800s. Hummay established this kingdom’s Sayfawa dynasty, leading to the spread of Islam throughout this kingdom. This state’s mais, who were listed in the Girgam, included its greatest ruler Idris Alooma. For 10 points, name this West African empire based around Lake Chad. ■END■ (10[1])