The holographic principle and this statement reproduce Newton's law of universal gravitation in a model developed by Erik Verlinde. This statement picks up a factor of 2 in the ultra-relativistic limit since kinetic energy is roughly equal to c times momentum. It’s not the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, but Nyquist used this law to derive an equation explaining Johnson noise. In the general form of this statement, the expectation of the quantity (-5[1])x times the derivative of the Hamiltonian with respect to x equals (*) kT. This statement implies that an ideal gas has a constant specific heat equal to the number of degrees of freedom times k over (-5[1])2. This statement only applies to degrees of freedom that are quadratic in energy. (10[1])For 10 points, name this theorem which states that in thermal equilibrium, each degree of freedom has an average energy of one half kT. ■END■ (10[1]0[1])