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A series of geomagnetic storms in May 2024 was the most intense on this index since the 1989 storms that caused the failure of Hydro-Quebec’s electricity transmission system. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this index. Unlike the A-index, which measures amplitude, this index measures horizontal disturbance in Earth’s magnetic field by averaging the maximum deviation across a set of ground magnetometers.
ANSWER: K-index [accept Kp-index or planetary Kp-index]
[10e] During a geomagnetic storm, the solar wind shifts and expands the area where these events can be seen away from the poles on the nightside of the magnetosphere. These polar lights are predominantly green.
ANSWER: auroras [or aurorae; accept aurora australis or aurora borealis]
[10m] Auroras can be forecast by satellites situated at the first of these five points, where gravitational and centripetal forces balance. The James Webb Space Telescope’s orbit is designed around the second of these points.
ANSWER: Lagrange points [or Lagrangian points or libration points]
<KJ, Other Science>

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Data

Cambridge ABristol0101020
Cambridge BSouthampton10101030
Warwick AImperial B0101020
Warwick BImperial A010010
Warwick CLSE B0101020