Question
SIT (S I T) theory estimates this quantity in solutions with high electrolyte concentrations. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this quantity symbolized gamma, which represents the deviation from ideality in a mixture.
ANSWER: activity coefficient [reject “activity”] (SIT stands for specific ion interaction.)
[10h] Two answers required. These two scientists co-name a theory that predicts activity coefficients for ions in dilute solutions, which derives from the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The activity coefficient is proportional to the square root of the ionic strength in these two scientists’ “limiting law.”
ANSWER: Peter Debye AND Erich Hückel [prompt on partial answer; accept Debye–Huckel theory or Debye–Huckel equation or Debye–Huckel limiting law]
[10e] This other scientist first proposed the alternative SIT theory. Acids are classified as proton donors in a different theory that this scientist developed with Thomas Martin Lowry.
ANSWER: Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted [accept Brønsted–Guggenheim–Scatchard or Brønsted–Lowry theory]
<Chemistry>
Summary
| 2024 ACF Winter at UC Berkeley | 2024-11-16 | Y | 2 | 15.00 | 100% | 0% | 50% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Lehigh | 2024-11-16 | Y | 6 | 13.33 | 83% | 50% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Northwestern | 2024-11-16 | Y | 4 | 15.00 | 100% | 50% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Ohio State | 2024-11-16 | Y | 4 | 10.00 | 75% | 0% | 25% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Online | 2024-11-16 | Y | 4 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Central Florida | 2024-11-16 | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 67% | 0% | 67% |
| 2024 ACF Winter at Oxford | 2024-11-16 | Y | 8 | 13.75 | 75% | 13% | 50% |
Data
| Bard A | Princeton A | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| Columbia A | Rutgers A | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Hopkins B | Columbia B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Lehigh A | Penn A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Haverford A | Penn B | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Rutgers C | Penn State A | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |