The speaker declares that “an oppressed man / Strives again to reach the pure mountain” in this author’s poem “To the Moon.” An allegory of this real-life person is told “we’ve got Shakespeare there” and “we play solitaire / and violin” in the poem “Notes from a Nonexistent Himalayan Expedition.” This person’s words are “measures of weights” and fingers “ten thick worms” in a poem that describes “the huge laughing cockroaches on his top lip.” The novel In the First Circle chronicles the rule of this person, the subject of an “Epigram” by Osip Mandelstam. An autobiographical novel in three volumes set during this leader’s rule describes the timeline of a typical “zek.” For 10 points, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s The Gulag Archipelago describes the era of rule of what Soviet dictator? ■END■
ANSWER: Joseph Stalin [or Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin; or Ioseb Dzhugashvili; accept Soselo; prompt on yeti by asking “what real-life person does that represent?”] (“Notes from a Nonexistent Himalayan Expedition” is by Wisława Szymborska.)
<European Literature>
= Average correct buzz position