Question

It’s not Venice, but this polity was administered by a council of slaves called the Corps of Forty until it was destroyed by Balban. The Fatāwā-ye Jahāndārī, written in this polity by Ziyā ud-Dīn Baranī, (10[1])advocated for its citizens to be sorted into the āshrāf and (10[1])ajlāf classes. In this polity, Khizr Khān rose in status by falsely claiming to be descended from Muḥammad, establishing a dynasty of such sayyids. A rumored romance with an Abyssinian slave led to the overthrow of this polity’s queen Raziā Sultāna. (10[3]-5[1])The Qutb Mīnār commemorates an eponymous slave soldier who established this polity and its Mamlūk Dynasty. (-5[1])This polity’s last dynasty, the Lodīs, was conquered by Bābur and the Mughals. For 10 points, name this sultanate (-5[1])that mostly ruled from the present-day capital of India. (10[1])■END■ (10[1]0[1])

ANSWER: Delhi Sultanate [or Saltanat-e Dihlī or Dillī Saltanat]
<World History>
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