Question

This kingdom’s chibalo system was used by the Norwegian company Madal to force Lomwe workers to shell coconuts. Landowners in this kingdom called muzungos were often orphaned girls who employed chikunda to guard their matrilineal estates and trade with the Maravi Confederacy. Ruins built by this kingdom like Dambarare and Luanze were abandoned after its defeat by Changamire Dombo and the Rozvi Empire. This non-Swahili kingdom captured the gold-trading port of Sofala from Kilwa and built Fort (-5[1])Jesus (-5[1])in Mombasa, later besieged by Omanis who rivaled this kingdom for control of the Indian Ocean trade. (-5[1])Sailors for this kingdom used caravels to establish the Cape Route under the House of Aviz. For 10 points, (10[1])name this (10[1])European kingdom that colonized Mozambique. (10[1])■END■

ANSWER: Portugal [or Kingdom of Portugal or Reino de Portugal; accept Portuguese Empire or Império Português or Portuguese Overseas or Ultramar Português] (The estates in the second line are prazos; the orphaned girls are the Órfãs do Rei. Chibalo comes from the Tsonga xibalo system.)
<World History>
= Average correct buzz position

Back to tossups

Buzzes

PlayerTeamOpponentBuzz PositionValue
Raymond WangCornell ARIT B76-5
Jacky XuCornell BRIT A77-5
Aadarsh BalireddyCornell CBinghamton94-5
Tom ScheriRIT ACornell B11310
Cade ReinbergerRIT BCornell A11510
Matthew ChristianBinghamtonCornell C12010

Summary

2024 ACF Regionals @ Berkeley01/27/2024Y3100%0%100%120.67
2024 ACF Regionals @ Cornell01/27/2024Y3100%0%100%116.00
2024 ACF Regionals @ JMU01/27/2024Y10100%0%20%106.00
2024 ACF Regionals @ Minnesota01/27/2024Y2100%0%50%105.00
2024 ACF Regionals @ Nebraska01/27/2024Y1100%0%100%121.00
2024 ACF Regionals @ Rutgers01/27/2024Y2100%0%100%121.00
2024 ACF Regionals @ Imperial01/27/2024Y1100%0%0%79.00