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Answer some questions about the Gabriel synthesis, a way to produce primary amines while avoiding non-specific alkylation of amines. For 10 points each:
[10h] The first step of Gabriel synthesis involves reacting alkyl halide with this organic compound. This precursor of saccharin is not as nucleophilic as normal amines due to two electron withdrawing groups found in it.
ANSWER: phthalimide (“THAL-im-ide”) [accept potassium phthalimide; accept sodium phthalimide; reject “thalidomide”]
[10m] Due to its ability to produce primary amines, Gabriel synthesis can be used to produce these compounds from bromomalonic esters. Angles formed between these compounds can be visualized with Ramachandran plots.
ANSWER: amino acids
[10e] Typically, deprotection of the nitrogen atom in phthalimide can be achieved by adding hydrazine, but this reaction can also be used under basic conditions. This reaction involves breaking apart chemical bonds with water.
ANSWER: hydrolysis
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Summary

Data

Cornell BRIT A001010
Cornell ARIT B0101020