A critic of this framework’s “way,” Deborah Mayo, holds that her “severity account” better handles irrelevant conjunctions in “tacking paradoxes.” The Judy Benjamin problem reveals an ambiguity in this framework, whose synchronic norms include Bas van Fraassen’s (“FRAH-sun’s”) Reflection Principle. In a book titled for this framework “or Bust,” John Earman formalized its “folklore” of “washing out,” its threat by the old evidence problem, and its triumph over the hypothetico-deductive model of confirmation. In a field of epistemology named for this framework, gambling-based Dutch Book arguments are used to justify requirements like Jeffrey Conditionalization. Subjectivists in this framework place no constraints on agents’ initial credences. For 10 points, frequentism opposes what approach in which prior probabilities are updated via an eponymous theorem? ■END■
ANSWER: Bayesianism (“BAYS-ian-ism”) [or Bayesian inference or Bayesian probability or Bayesian theories; accept Thomas Bayes, Bayes’s theorem, Bayesian epistemology, Bayesian subjectivism, Bayesian confirmation theory, or Bayes or Bust?; prompt on subjectivism or subjective or personalism; prompt on conditionalization by asking “conditionalization a principle in what broader framework?”]
<Philosophy>
= Average correct buzz position