One of these statements sometimes used in describing high-velocity welding is named after the location of a 1991 APS meeting in Williamsburg. Gustav Tammann adapted one of these statements often used in impact modeling and named for Peter Guthrie Tait. One of these statements is appended to the Rankine–Hugoniot (“RANK-in oo-go-nee-OH”) conditions to determine the Hugoniot curve. In cosmology, these statements are often written as a simple ratio that equals the number w. (10[1])Modern examples of these statements (10[1])can involve multiple Maxwell loops, which extend the Maxwell (-5[1])construction’s equal area rule. A cubic one of (-5[1])these statements, (10[1]-5[1])like one named (10[1])for (10[1])Peng (10[1])and Robinson, (10[1]-5[1])includes (10[4])a (10[1])and (10[1])b (10[1])parameters. For 10 points, name these equations that relate (10[1])the thermodynamic variables of a system, exemplified by one named for Johannes van der Waals and by the (10[1])ideal gas law. (10[1])■END■ (10[4]0[1])