Note to moderator: Read the answerline carefully. This non-American leader’s mausoleum based on Napoleon’s tomb was bulldozed 39 years after his exile to Mauritius (“maw-RISH-us”). This leader, who signed an unratified water-sharing treaty with a Musahiban (“moo-SAH-hib-an”) king, funded French-style schools that replaced maktabs with funds taken from waqfs. This leader’s sugar monopoly financed a cross-country railway through Bakhtiari (“back-tee-YAH-ree”) lands that became a wartime supply corridor. This leader’s army besieged the Goharshad (“go-har-SHAD”) Mosque a year before his hero Atatürk inspired him to ban the chādor (“CHUH-dor”). This leader, who subdued the Jangalis’ socialist republic in Gīlan (“ghee-LAHN”), was appointed by the Fifth Majlis (“MAHJ-liss”) four years after his Cossack Brigade took the capital. This neutral germanophile abdicated during a 1941 Anglo-Soviet invasion that installed his partially namesake son. For 10 points, the Qâjârs (“KAH-jars”) were overthrown by what first Pahlavi shah? ■END■
ANSWER: Reza (“ray-ZAW”) Shah [or Reza Khan, Reza Shah Pahlavi, Reza Shah the Great, or Reza Khan Sardar e Sepah; prompt on Pahlavi until read; reject “Mohammad Reza Pahlavi,” “Mohammad Reza Shah,” “the shah,” or “Reza Pahlavi II”] (The water dispute with Mohammad Zahir Shah concerned Sistān’s Helmand River. The Trans-Iranian Railway was part of the “Persian Corridor” during World War II.)
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