Question

The “thin sandwich” approach to these equations’ constraints was made practical by J. W. York, who co-names an approach to finding their initial conditions with André Lichnerowicz (“leesh-nair-oh-VEETS”). Chi (“kye”), which equals “gamma to the negative one-third,” can be used to rewrite these equations in the BSSN system. Manuela Campanelli’s team at Brownsville, which created the “moving puncture” method, (10[1])was one of three teams behind a 2005 breakthrough in solving these equations under the ADM formalism. (10[1])Birkhoff’s theorem (10[2])concerns (10[2])the spherical symmetry (10[1])of a solution to these equations (10[2])involving (10[2])a “one minus the quantity ‘r-sub-s (10[1])over r’” term. Despite being nonlinear and second-order, a solution (-5[1])to these equations with a singularity was quickly found by (10[1])Karl Schwarzschild. (10[3]-5[1])For 10 (10[2])points, what equations (10[1])of general relativity (10[1])are named after the (10[1])theory’s creator? (10[1])■END■ (10[2])

ANSWER: Einstein field equations [or EFE; or Einstein’s equations; accept Einstein constraint equations; prompt on field equations or vacuum field equations]
<Physics>
= Average correct buzz position

Back to tossups

Summary

2024 ACF Nationals2024-04-21Y24100%0%8%99.29

Buzzes

PlayerTeamOpponentBuzz PositionValue
Ezra SantosChicago DBerkeley B5610
Richard NiuCornell AStanford7310
Vincent DuNorth Carolina ATexas7510
Rasheeq AzadNorth Carolina BVanderbilt7510
Kevin ParkClaremont CollegesDuke7610
Adam FineChicago AWUSTL A7610
Alex AkridgeIndianaWaterloo7910
Jason HongBrownMaryland8510
Andrew WangIllinoisNYU8510
Yashwanth BajjiMichiganToronto A8610
Jeremy CummingsWUSTL BRutgers8610
Forrest WeintraubColumbia AChicago B9210
Matthew SiffYale AJohns Hopkins102-5
Cory SmithKentuckySouth Carolina11210
James McCurleyHarvardCornell B11410
Matt SchiavonePurdueMinnesota A11410
Swapnil GargBerkeley ANorthwestern11410
Jason ZhangToronto BVirginia114-5
Asha BasuMcGillMinnesota B11610
Vishal KanigicherlaPennColumbia B11610
David BassJohns HopkinsYale A11910
Tiffany ZhouFloridaArizona State12210
Arunn SankarGeorgia TechIowa State12610
Nermeen RahmanChicago CTruman State12810
Brian LaiVirginiaToronto B12910
Lydia TarekegnYale BOttawa12910