For the autoionization of water, a constant named for this state is approximately equal to 10-to-the-minus-14. For 10 points each:
[10e] Identify this state of a reaction with the same forward and backward rates, meaning it exhibits no net change.
ANSWER: equilibrium [accept equilibrium constant]
[10m] The change in this quantity for a reaction can be calculated as minus RT times the natural log of the equilibrium constant. The change in this quantity can also be calculated as delta-H minus T delta-S.
ANSWER: Gibbs free energy [accept change in Gibbs free energy; prompt on G or delta-G or change in free energy]
[10h] This equation can be used to determine the equilibrium constant’s dependence on temperature, as this equation states the derivative of K-eq (“K-e-q”) with respect to temperature equals the standard enthalpy change over R T-squared.
ANSWER: van ‘t Hoff equation
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