Two forms of this quantity are added in the Hamiltonian. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this physical quantity measured in joules.
ANSWER: energy [accept kinetic energy or potential energy]
[10m] Kinetic energy also appears in an operator named after this physicist. Local extrema are found for constrained problems using this French physicist’s namesake multipliers, denoted lambda.
ANSWER: Joseph-Louis Lagrange [accept Lagrangian; accept Lagrange multipliers]
[10h] This quantity equals the time integral of the Lagrangian. Stationary points of this quantity’s namesake functional give rise to the Euler-Lagrange equations.
ANSWER: action [accept action functional]
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