Question
When this phenomenon occurs at the surface of the ocean, an object’s deviation from the water’s interior flow depends only on the wind stress exerted. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this effect, by which a force balance causes the resultant water current to differ from the wind’s direction.
ANSWER: Ekman spiral
[10e] The surface Ekman spiral arises due to the water drag, the shear stress force from the wind, and this other force. This fictitious force, along with the centrifugal and Euler forces, arises in a rotating reference frame.
ANSWER: Coriolis force [or Coriolis effect]
[10m] Ekman transport may drive this phenomenon, by which wind causes the movement of cooler water from the depths to the ocean surface.
ANSWER: upwelling
Summary
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Data
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