Question
These two scientists grossly underestimated the age of the Sun by assuming that it only produced heat through gravitational contraction. For 10 points each:
[10m] Identify these two scientists who name a mechanism by which bodies such as Jupiter contract and give off heat due to gravity.
ANSWER: Lord Kelvin and Hermann von Helmholtz [or William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin in place of "Kelvin"; or Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism]
[10h] Kelvin and Helmholtz also name a fluid instability that occurs when this quantity has different values across a boundary. This quantity has a divergence of zero for incompressible flow.
ANSWER: fluid velocity [or flow velocity or speed]
[10e] That instability causes a rolling, wave-like shape in the Kelvin-Helmholtz type of these features. These atmospheric structures also have cirrus, stratus, and cumulus types.
ANSWER: clouds
<June Yin , Science - Physics - Fluids>
Summary
| 2023 NASAT | 06/17/2023 | Y | 9 | 20.00 | 100% | 56% | 44% |
Data
| Asia B | Maryland Gold | 0 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Illinois Orange | New Jersey B | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| New Jersey A | Illinois White | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Kentucky A | Asia A | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Kentucky B | Liberia | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| Illinois Blue | Maryland Red | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
| Missouri B | Arkansas | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| Missouri A | Ohio | 10 | 0 | 10 | 20 |
| Virginia | California | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 |