The concurrence is an example of a class of functions that quantify this property, its namesake “monotones.” The bond dimension quantifies the extent of this property in tensor networks, such as the 1D MPS and higher-dimensional P·E·P·S. Area laws state that the “entropy” of this property grows with the size of the boundary between subsystems. States have this property if they cannot be decomposed as a (*) product state. Applying a Hadamard gate followed by a C·NOT gate produces a pair of qubits (“Q-bits”) with this property called a Bell state. This property appears to allow information to travel faster than light in the EPR paradox. For 10 points, name this property possessed by two quantum states that cannot be described independently, which Einstein called “spooky action at a distance.” ■END■
ANSWER: entanglement [or word forms like entangled; accept entanglement entropy; prompt on correlated or correlation]
<VD, Physics>
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