John Naka’s most notable work in this art form features individual components that represent his grandchildren. Cascade and semi-cascade styles of this art form trade asymmetry for increased curvature. One technique in this art form uses metal wire to prevent girdling of the subject, although newer techniques have used (*) nylon fishing line. Concave cutters are designed for this art form and can minimize scarring. This art form developed from a similar Chinese art form that more heavily emphasizes landscapes, called pénjǐng. The upright style of this art form commonly makes use of the weeping fig. For 10 points, name this type of living sculpture, the Japanese art form (10[2])of planting and training miniature trees. ■END■ (10[1])