Question
Two answers required. Nicola Spaldin’s group pioneered the study of materials that exhibit these two properties, which are of interest for developing ultra-low power logic devices. For 10 points each:
[10h] Give these two properties, which rarely occur together because one is favored by empty d-shells and the other is favored by partially filled d-shells. Bismuth ferrite is an example of a material with both of these two properties, which share a common prefix.
ANSWER: ferroelectric AND ferromagnetic [reject partial answers; prompt on multiferroic]
[10e] Intel’s recent MESO architecture reads out a multiferroic layer using the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect, in which accumulation of this quantity generates current. This quantity is an intrinsic form of angular momentum.
ANSWER: spin [or spin angular momentum]
[10m] While ferromagnetic materials display nonzero magnetization, ferroelectric materials display nonzero values of this quantity in the absence of external fields. The divergence of this vector field, symbolized P, is the bound charge.
ANSWER: polarization density [or electric polarization]
<VD, Physics>
Summary
| 2023 ARCADIA at Duke | Emory, Duke, Yale | Y | 4 | 7.50 | 50% | 0% | 25% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Emory | Emory, Duke, Yale | Y | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 33% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Imperial | Imperial | Y | 5 | 16.00 | 100% | 40% | 20% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Maryland | Maryland, Online | Y | 2 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Ohio State | Ohio State, Texas | Y | 3 | 6.67 | 67% | 0% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA Online | Maryland, Online | Y | 3 | 13.33 | 67% | 67% | 0% |
| 2023 ARCADIA at Texas | Ohio State, Texas | Y | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 0% | 33% |
Data
| George Washington A | George Washington B | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| Maryland A | Johns Hopkins | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 |